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41.
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity and Utilization of Dissolved Organic Phosphorus by Algae in Subtropical Coastal Waters 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) and the availability of dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) to marine algae were determined in Xiamen Bay and in algal batch culture systems. Results showed that APA changed with seasons, increasing to the highest value in summer and decreasing to the lowest in autumn and spring in Xiamen Bay. Tests on natural populations of planktonic algae and bacteria community showed that algae were mostly responsible for DOP utilization, while bacteria could not take up DOP compounds. Results from algal batch cultures also supported the above conclusion. Relationships between APA and environmental factors indicated that APA was negatively correlated with phosphorus level such as phosphate and small molecular DOP, and APA played an important role in utilization of DOP by algae. All the results emphasized the ecological significance of DOP in subtropical coastal waters. 相似文献
42.
为了了解后生浮游动物的摄食作用在太湖夏季微囊藻水华形成中的作用,2009年7月15日至8月14日取太湖梅梁湾湖水开展了后生浮游动物对微囊藻水华形成作用的野外模拟实验.实验期间,未过滤掉后生浮游动物的对照组出现了漂浮在水面、肉眼可见的微囊藻水华,而过滤掉后生浮游动物的实验组没有出现微囊藻水华.结果显示,对照组整个实验期间都有后生浮游动物存在,共发现了9种后生浮游动物;而实验组在实验第6 d发现有后生浮游动物出现,整个实验期间共发现了3种后生浮游动物.浮游动物生物多样性分析显示对照组显著高于实验组.实验后期(21~30 d),对照组微囊藻平均密度显著高于实验组.整个实验期间,惠氏微囊藻(Microcystis wesenbergii)和水华微囊藻(Microcystis flos-aquae)密度均显著高于实验组,且惠氏微囊藻密度占对照组微囊藻总密度的60.79%.研究结果表明,太湖夏季后生浮游动物摄食并不能控制太湖蓝藻水华,相反,后生浮游动物特别是大型浮游动物能促进蓝藻水华的形成.同时表明,后生浮游动物群落结构可能是影响微囊藻水华形成的重要因素. 相似文献
43.
环境因子对三种常见微藻细胞中二甲基硫丙酸含量影响的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以3种常见的海洋浮游藻类──扁藻、杜氏藻和牟氏角刺藻作为实验材料,采用正交方法设计实验条件,研究盐度、温度和光强的变化对藻类细胞内二甲基硫丙酸(DMSP)含量的影响。结果表明,3种藻类细胞DMP含量相差很大。扁藻DMSP含量最高,其次为杜氏藻,牟氏角刺藻含量最低。种间差别的影响明显高于环境条件的变化对藻细胞DMSP含量的影响。3种环境因子对藻细胞DMSP含量的影响效果不同,盐度变化引起藻细胞DMP含量的变化最为显著,其次为温度和光强。随着盐度的增加,扁藻、杜氏藻和牟氏角刺藻细胞内DMSP含量均呈上升趋势。 相似文献
44.
45.
Seagrass decline caused by the macroalgae blooms is becoming a common phenomenon throughout temperate and tropical regions. We summarized the incidence of macroalgae blooms throughout the world and their impact on seagrass beds by direct and indirect ways. The competition for living space and using resources is the most direct effect on seagrass beds when macroalgae are blooming in an aquatic ecosystem. The consequence of macroalgae blooms (e.g., light reduction, hypoxia, and decomposition) can produce significant indirect effects on seagrass beds. Light reduction by the macroalgae can decrease the growth and recruitment of seagrasses, and decomposition of macroalgae mats can increase the anoxic and eutrophic conditions, which can further constrict the seagrass growth. Meanwhile, the presence of seagrass shoots can provide substrate for the macroalgae blooms. Controlling nutrient sources from the land to coastal waters is a general efficient way for coastal management. Researching into the synergistical effect of climate change and anthropognic nutrient loads on the interaction between searsasses and macroalgae can provide valuable information to decrease the negative effects of macroalgae blooms on seagrasses in eutrophic areas. 相似文献
46.
47.
德基水库集水区的气候条件适合温带水果及高冷蔬菜、茶叶的种植,德基水库集水区上游遍布果园、菜园与茶园。因此,每逢大雨来临时,大量的残留肥料常遭冲刷至水库中。这些残留的肥料中含有大量的氮、磷等营养盐,足以提供水库微生物的生长繁殖所需,也因此造成水库中二角多甲藻的大量繁殖,进而形成藻华现象。研究使用Landsat TM卫星数据,搭配传统监测模式,以监督式影像分类法分析与监测德基水库1995年的藻华现象。研究结果显示,以Landsat TM卫星数据监测德基水库的藻华现象,其准确率可达87.5%以上。由影像分类的结果可得知,德基水库二角多甲藻之藻华现象发生较严重的时期为夏天,而冬天则较为轻微。此现象发生的原因,应与集水区上游的农业经营模式息息相关。此外,德基水库藻华现象发生的区域及其程度也经由实地调查与卫星影像监测,一一获得证实。 相似文献
48.
The diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia blooms throughout New Zealand's coastal waters. More than a decade of monitoring data were analysed in this study and seasonality was a significant factor in the appearance of Pseudo-nitzschia blooms. Austral spring and summer were the main bloom periods, although there were regional differences. Between January 2000 and August 2011, 8.4% of 29,000 seawater samples analysed for Pseudo-nitzschia exceeded the voluntary trigger level for biotoxin testing (10×104 cells l?1), and these were analysed by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) assays. Pseudo-nitzschia fraudulenta and P. pseudodelicatissima (low domoic acid [DA] producers) were the dominant bloom formers throughout New Zealand (each contributing 25%) followed by the highly toxic P. australis (10%). Shellfish flesh testing for DA was triggered on 8477 occasions between 2000 and 2011, but no samples exceeded the regulatory limit (20 mg/kg); the maximum concentration was 13 mg/kg (Marlborough Sounds, mid-winter 2010). 相似文献
49.
Reconstructions suggest a massive decline of nearly 1400 ha of kelp forest in North Western Spain in 2007. In line with global rising temperatures, we hypothesized that Sea Surface Temperature (SST) surpassed a lethal threshold for kelp. We examined whether changes in SST correlated to the proposed decline in kelp forest. All investigated SST characteristics suggested to affect kelp abundance increased significantly during the past thirty years, reaching extreme values during the last decade. In addition over the past two decades, the landscape formerly dominated by both cold and warm temperate canopy forming and understory species changed to one dominated by warm temperate understory species, resulting in a loss of vertical community structure. Fisheries landing data of kelp associated species was used to support the suggested change in kelp abundance. Subsequent recovery of the kelp appears to be occurring in deeper waters. 相似文献
50.
Prorocentrum donghaiense is one of the most common red tide causative dinoflagellates in the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary and the adjacent area of the East China Sea. It causes large-scale blooms in late spring and early summer that lead to widespread ecologic and economic damage. A means for distinguish- ing dinoflagellate blooms from diatom (Skeletonema costatum) blooms is desired. On the basis of measure- ments of remote sensing refectance [Rrs(λ)] and inherent optical parameters, the potential of using a mul- tispectral approach is assessed for discriminating the algal blooms due to P. donghaiense from those due to S. costatum. The behavior of two reflectance ratios [R1 = Rrs(560)/Rrs(532) and Re = Rrs(708)/Rrs(665)], suggests that differentiation of P. donghaiense blooms from diatom bloom types is possible from the current band setup of ocean color sensors. It is found that there are two reflectance ratio regimes that indicate a bloom is dominated by P. donghaiense; (1) R1 〉 1.55 and R2 〈 1.0 or (2) R1 〉 1.75 and R2 ≥ 1.0. Various sensitivity analyses are conducted to investigate the effects of the variation in varying levels of chlorophyll concentration and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) as well as changes in the backscattering ratio (bbp/bp) on the efficacy of this muitispectral approach. Results indicate that the intensity and inherent op- tical properties of the algal species explain much of the behavior of the two ratios. Although backscattering influences the amplitude of Rrs(λ), especially in the 530 and 560 nm bands, the discrimination between P. donghaiense and diatoms is not significantly affected by the variation of bbp/bp. Since aCDOM (440) in coastal areas of the ECS is typically lower than 1.0 m-1 in most situations, the presence of CDOM does not interfere with this discrimination, even as SCDOM varies from 0.01 to 0.026 nm-1. Despite all of these effects, the dis- crimination of P. donghaiense blooms from diatom blooms based on multispectral measurements of Rrs(λ) is feasible. 相似文献